一個(gè)DNA堿基對(duì)（鈉鹽）的平均分子量 = 650 道爾頓
1.0 A260 unit ds DNA = 50 µg/ml = 0.15 mM (in nucleotides)
1.0 A260 unit ss DNA = 33 µg/ml = 0.10 mM (in nucleotides)
1.0 A260 unit ss RNA = 40 µg/ml = 0.11 mM (in nucleotides)
雙鏈DNA分子的分子量(道爾頓) = 堿基對(duì)數(shù)目×650
雙鏈DNA分子的末端摩爾數(shù) = 2 ×DNA質(zhì)量（克）/ DNA分子量（道爾頓）
限制性內(nèi)切酶酶切后的DNA末端摩爾數(shù):
a) 環(huán)狀DNA分子: 2 × DNA摩爾數(shù)× 位點(diǎn)數(shù)
b) 線性DNA分子: 2 × DNA摩爾數(shù)×位點(diǎn)數(shù) 2 × DNA摩爾數(shù)

1 µg 1000 bp DNA = 1.52 pmol = 9.1 × 1011 molecules
1 µg pUC18/19 DNA (2686 bp) = 0.57 pmol = 3.4 × 1011 molecules
1 µg pBR322 DNA (4361 bp) = 0.35 pmol = 2.1 × 1011 molecules
1 µg M13mp18/19 DNA (7249 bp) = 0.21 pmol = 1.3 × 1011 molecules
1 µg λDNA (48502 bp) = 0.03 pmol = 1.8 ×1010 molecules

1 pmol 1000 bp DNA = 0.66 µg
1 pmol pUC18/19 DNA (2686 bp) = 1.77 µg
1 pmol pBR322 DNA (4361 bp) = 2.88 µg
1 pmol M13mp18/19 DNA (7249 bp) = 4.78 µg
1 pmol λDNA (48502 bp) = 32.01 µg

1.0 kb DNA = 333個(gè)氨基酸的編碼量≈ 37,000 道爾頓蛋白質(zhì)
10,000道爾頓蛋白質(zhì)≈270 bp DNA
50,000道爾頓蛋白質(zhì)≈ 1.35 kb DNA