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Past ability & possibility 表示過(guò)去的能力&可能性

放大字體  縮小字體 發(fā)布日期:2020-02-26  來(lái)源:英國(guó)使館文化教育處  作者:foodtrans
核心提示:In the present tense we use can to talk about a general ability e.g. I can swim and also for ability at a particular m
 In the present tense we use ‘can’ to talk about a general ability – e.g. I can swim – and also for ability at a particular moment – e.g. I can see you! The rules for talking about past abilities are different.
在現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)里,我們用can去談?wù)撘话愕哪芰,例如I can swim。還有形容在一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間的一種能力,例如I can see you!但是,關(guān)于談?wù)撨^(guò)去的能力是不同的。
 
 
 
General ability 一般的能力
 
We use could to talk about general abilities in the past.
 
我們用could談?wù)撨^(guò)去一般的能力。
 
 
• He could speak fluent French when he was 5.
• I could read before I started school.
 
 
 
Ability on one occasion 某個(gè)場(chǎng)合的能力
 
However, when we talk about ability on one particular occasion, we can’t use could但是,當(dāng)我們談?wù)撃硞(gè)特定場(chǎng)合下的能力,我們不能用could。
 
 
• The burglar was able to get in through the bathroom window.
• The burglar managed to get in through the bathroom window.
 
 
We have to use was able to or managed to. We can’t use could.
我們必須用was able to 或者managed to,我們不能用could。
 
 
• The burglar could get in through the bathroom window.
 
 
 
Ability on one occasion – negative 某個(gè)場(chǎng)合的能力—否定式
 
When we talk about a particular occasion when something wasn’t possible, we can use wasn’t/weren’t able to, didn’t manage to, or couldn’t
當(dāng)我們談?wù)撃硞(gè)特定場(chǎng)合不能做到某事的能力時(shí),我們用wasn’t/weren’t able to, didn’t manage to, 或者是couldn’t
 
• The burglar wasn’t able to get in through the window.
• The burglar didn’t manage to get in through the window.
• The burglar couldn’t get in through the window.
 
 
 
Hypothetical past ability 假設(shè)的過(guò)去的能力
 
Sometimes things were possible in the past but didn’t happen.
 
有時(shí)候,我們要表達(dá)在過(guò)去可能會(huì)發(fā)生但是沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事情。
 
 
• I could have gone to university but I decided to get a job.
• I would have been able to win the race but I fell over.
 
 
We use could have (+ past participle) or would have been able to to talk about these hypothetical events. They can be used in the positive and the negative.
我們用could have (+ 過(guò)去分詞) or would have been able to 來(lái)談?wù)撨@些假設(shè)會(huì)發(fā)生的事件。他們可以是肯定式,也可以是否定式。
 
 
• I couldn’t have done it without your help.
• I wouldn’t have been able to afford it even if it had been for sale.
 
(來(lái)源:英國(guó)使館文化教育處)
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編輯:foodtrans01

 
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