A task explosion happens when you are suddenly faced with more tasks than you are used to. I’ve faced many times where you suddenly need to handle twice as much work, with twice the pressure. Stress levels rise, and you might feel about ready to snap.

I’ve prepared a survival list of things to do when you get caught in the middle of a task explosion. Hopefully these tips can help you get a bit more done, and keep you from pulling the hair out of your head.

1. Stop and Think - When the explosion hits, you are probably still reeling from the impact, unsure what to do. Working randomly is about the worst plan to use, since you may accomplish less critical tasks when big problems lie in the background.

2. Know What You’re Prepared to Leave Behind - After you’ve paused yourself, it is time to assess your priorities. Ask yourself what you’ll need to give up if the time starts ticking down. Anything that isn’t crucial needs to be pushed back.

3. Begin Immediately - As soon as you’ve decided what is most important, get working. Some people react to a task explosion by procrastinating or working on something easy. If that is your case, plan your next step and take action right away.

4. Shuffle Work - A sudden doubling of your workload doesn’t give you much time to adapt. When this happens to me, I make sure I shuffle my work in 60-90 minute chunks so I don’t get overtired. Shuffling means placing tasks that use different skills after each other. Do reading tasks for sixty minutes then switch to one that involves writing or communicating. This will allow you to work longer and harder.

5. Are You Heading for a Nuclear Winter? - Is this task explosion temporary or is it going to be a permanent adjustment. If you think that this explosion might have a long-term impact, it’s a good idea to assess your life in general. What commitments need to be dropped in order for you to survive?

6. Useful Laziness - Taking breaks is a good idea if your explosion will last weeks or months. The key is to make sure that your rest counts. How often do you plan to relax but end up wasting your energy on something trivial? Decide what really rejuvenates you and spend your short breaks doing that.

7. Morning Boost - If you know you have a few days with mountains of work ahead, sleep a bit earlier and wake up earlier. When you start your morning early, you are more likely to begin with full force. That momentum will carry you throughout the day so by noon you’ve already got your most important tasks done.

8. Eat Light - Digestion eats up a huge amount of energy (no pun intended). A good way to keep your energy levels high is to eat water-rich vegetables and low fat foods. Stuffing your face with a burger and fries is only going to slow you down.

9. List Everything - A mile is only a bunch of feet strung together. If you list everything that needs to be done, you will feel more confident that you can handle it. The listing process helps take the vague, amorphous blob of work and turns it into bite-sized pieces.

10. Unplug - If the task-explosion injures you, distractions will finish you off. Unplug the phone, internet or computer if you don’t need them that moment. The more noise you have to fight through the harder it will be to focus. Even if the silence is uncomfortable for the first few minutes, you can speed up to a quick flow.

11. Breakdown Delegation - If you’re working with a team, cut the work into large chunks and quickly discuss what needs to be done in each. Interpersonal communication should only happen when strictly necessary. Get everyone to stand up if you need to hold a meeting as that should pick up the pace.

12. Reward Later, Work Now - Find something that can motivate you for the next few hours. Agree to give yourself a reward when you finish your work. The reward doesn’t need to be huge, but even a twenty minute break to do something enjoyable can do the trick. Don’t give yourself the reward first with the expectation to work afterwards! You’ve got your psychology backwards there as it will be just as hard to quit procrastinating after you’ve taken a break.

13. Find Shortcuts - Almost any activity has shortcuts if you look at it broadly enough. Find ways you can cut corners and get things done faster to keep up with demand. Shortcuts might not be advisable when you’ve got time to focus on quality, but if time is against you, do what you need to do.

14. Weigh Consequences - Sometimes you need to take a little pain to avoid a lot of pain. Look at the consequences for not following through on different commitments. If you feel you can’t handle every commitment, find the ones that will give the least pain and break them. It might be the only way to avoid a huge failure because you didn’t manage your time.

15. Exercise - Many people, when they face a task explosion cut exercise first. This might be fine if your explosion lasts only a day or two. But if your workload overload spans weeks and months, this will only hurt you. Exercise helps you sustain high energy levels for working, even if you can only do a 30 minute power workout.

當(dāng)你突然面臨比平常更多的任務(wù)負(fù)載時(shí)，任務(wù)大爆炸就要發(fā)生了。我經(jīng)常經(jīng)歷這種情況：你需要處理兩倍于平常的事務(wù)，承受兩倍于平常的壓力。你精神之弦繃得很緊，你感覺自己抓狂了，隨時(shí)就會(huì)崩潰。

    為此我整理出幫你應(yīng)對(duì)任務(wù)大爆炸的方法清單。希望這些招數(shù)能幫你解決更多一點(diǎn)的問題，不至于你一籌莫展得只能狂抓自己的頭發(fā)。

    1、停止躊躇觀望，主動(dòng)思考。當(dāng)任務(wù)爆炸襲擊你的時(shí)候，你很有可能還盤旋躊躇于侵襲的漩渦里，不確定要做什么。天馬行空、眉毛胡子一把抓是最糟糕的，很多時(shí)候任務(wù)背后可能隱藏著致命問題，如果你眉毛胡子一把抓，很有可能錯(cuò)失解決最關(guān)鍵問題的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。

    2、分析輕重緩急，確定優(yōu)先順序（了解哪些是可以緩一緩或放棄的任務(wù)）。讓自己鎮(zhèn)靜下來后，就該分析評(píng)估任務(wù)優(yōu)先順序了。問問自己: 如果時(shí)間緊迫不夠用，必須要放棄哪些任務(wù)呢？另外，不是關(guān)鍵性的任務(wù)都要緩一緩放在日程的后面。

    3、即刻行動(dòng)。一旦你確定了什么是最重要的，就馬上開始行動(dòng)。很多人面對(duì)任務(wù)爆炸時(shí)，習(xí)慣于一拖再拖或者只做容易做的事。如果你是這樣，那么不要再“明日復(fù)明日”和逃避了，計(jì)劃下一步并即刻行動(dòng)。

    4、歸類交錯(cuò)分解工作負(fù)荷。兩倍于平常的工作負(fù)荷突然襲擊時(shí)，你是猝不及防的，沒有多余的時(shí)間讓你調(diào)整適應(yīng)。每到此時(shí)，我就將工作分解到若干個(gè)60-90分鐘的時(shí)間段里，以確保不會(huì)過渡疲勞。歸類交錯(cuò)分解，就是將需要不同知識(shí)技能的任務(wù)項(xiàng)目交錯(cuò)排列。60分鐘的閱讀任務(wù)完成以后，轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)懽骰蚪涣鞯绕渌�任�?wù)。這樣能保證你工作更持久更投入。

    5、長(zhǎng)期任務(wù)爆炸的策略（你在通向一個(gè)核冬天么？）。這個(gè)任務(wù)大爆炸是暫時(shí)的還是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的調(diào)整呢？如果你認(rèn)為這個(gè)爆炸或許會(huì)對(duì)你有長(zhǎng)期的沖擊，那么，重新評(píng)估一下你的生活是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的方法。為了確保生存下來，哪些擔(dān)子是要卸下來的呢？

     6、有效有用的“偷懶”。如果你的任務(wù)爆炸將要持續(xù)數(shù)星期甚至數(shù)月，那么適當(dāng)休息是很明智的。關(guān)鍵在于：確保你的休息是有效有用。你是不是有過這樣的情況：你打算休息放松一下結(jié)果卻把精力浪費(fèi)在無謂的瑣事上？這種情形的發(fā)生的頻率是多少？確定到底什么能使你精神振奮能量煥發(fā)，把時(shí)間花在這些事情上。

    7、一天之計(jì)在于晨。如果你預(yù)先知道隨后幾天你的工作負(fù)荷堆積如山，那么就早睡早起。早起工作會(huì)使你全力投入。而且這種動(dòng)量會(huì)伴你一整天，通常你一天中最重要的任務(wù)就會(huì)在前半天完成。

    8、飲食清淡。食物消化會(huì)耗掉很大一部分的能量（無雙關(guān)意義）。保持你能量水平的好方法就是吃多汁的蔬菜和低脂食物。往嘴里隨便塞些漢堡煎炸食品只會(huì)降低你的工作效率。

     9、列出要做的每件事。千里之行始于足下，不積跬步無以至千里。列出每一件你要做的事情會(huì)增加你處理駕馭這些任務(wù)的信心。列清單的過程將模糊的無形瑣碎的任務(wù)提取出來，并把它們轉(zhuǎn)化為易管理可執(zhí)行的任務(wù)。

    10、切斷電源，擯除干擾。如果說任務(wù)大爆炸讓你遍體鱗傷，那么最終會(huì)將你置于死地的，是干擾和分心。如果對(duì)你執(zhí)行任務(wù)沒有用途，拔掉電話、網(wǎng)絡(luò)或電腦。越多噪聲和干擾，越難于集中精力。盡管開始幾分鐘的無聲安靜，可能會(huì)使你感到很不舒服，但是這樣做可以馬上讓你進(jìn)入快速高效的進(jìn)程中。

    11、分工合作，各司其職。如果你效力于一個(gè)工作團(tuán)隊(duì)，有效的方法是將任務(wù)分解為若干子部分，并盡快討論分配出每個(gè)子部分的詳細(xì)任務(wù)。只有在急需的情況，才允許組員間的交流。如果必須召集大家會(huì)面討論，前提是這樣的會(huì)面必須有助于保持工作的進(jìn)展步調(diào)，而且確保每個(gè)組員都獨(dú)當(dāng)一面。

    12、先苦后甜。為自己隨后幾個(gè)工作小時(shí)找一個(gè)激勵(lì)。答應(yīng)自己在完成任務(wù)后給自己一些獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，不需要很大，哪怕是休息20分鐘來做自己喜歡做的事情就會(huì)很奏效。不要破這個(gè)先例：允許自己先嘗到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的甜頭再工作。如果你先自我獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)了，你的心理趨向就很難不去拖延工作了。

    13、尋找省時(shí)捷徑。如果你能高屋建瓴的觀察每件事，每件事都能找到捷徑。為盡快達(dá)到目標(biāo)，你通常要找到捷徑以便迅速解決問題。誠(chéng)然，當(dāng)你有足夠時(shí)間將精力放在工作“質(zhì)量”上的時(shí)候，我們并不贊成你尋找捷徑。但是如果時(shí)間緊迫，你就必須尋找通往羅馬最省時(shí)間的路了。

    14、考慮后果，小不忍則亂大謀。有時(shí)候你需要先體驗(yàn)一些小痛苦，為的是避免將來更多的痛苦。仔細(xì)考慮一下：如果不能完成每個(gè)任務(wù)，后果會(huì)是什么樣的呢？如果是這樣，找出讓你忍受最小痛苦的任務(wù)并放棄它們。在你已經(jīng)無法有效管理時(shí)間的時(shí)候，這或許是避免更大損失承受更大痛苦的唯一途徑了。

    15、鍛煉身體不能舍。很多人遇到超負(fù)荷任務(wù)爆炸時(shí)，首先就是將鍛煉身體從日程上裁掉。如果任務(wù)爆炸只有一兩天，這樣做也無妨。但是當(dāng)你的超負(fù)荷工作量要持續(xù)數(shù)周甚至數(shù)月時(shí)，這樣做無利反害。運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于你保持高能量水平來投入工作中，即使每天30分鐘的運(yùn)動(dòng)也會(huì)有幫助。