If you yearn to make your juggle easier, have you considered switching to a career as a bank teller? Or an insurance examiner or a landscaper, perhaps?

Those occupations are among several linked in a groundbreaking study to low work-family conflict. Among others in which workers report the least interference between job and family life: auditors, architects, engineers, music directors and composers, and fine artists.

Those whose jobs make the juggle hardest, says Erich Dierdorff, an assistant professor of management in DePaul University's Kellstadt Graduate School of Business: sales and marketing managers, police detectives, firefighters, family doctors, lawyers, nurses, truck drivers, school psychologists and administrators and not surprisingly C-suite inhabitants including chief executive or financial officers.

The rankings are based on a study, published earlier this year in the Journal of Applied Psychology, on the varying tendency of 1,367 subjects in 126 different occupations to report that their jobs interfered with family life. Dr. Dierdorff and his co-author, J. Kemp Ellington of the Illinois Institute of Technology, controlled the findings for the effects of demographics, schedule flexibility, time pressure, workload and support received from co-workers and supervisors.

This enabled researchers to pin down the degree to which the job itself sends jugglers over the edge. The most troublesome job requirements, in terms of work-family conflict, researchers found, are twofold. First, the degree to which a worker must depend upon other people to get his or her job done elevates work-family conflict. A worker who is required to interact with others often tends to become more tired and drained by day's end, leaving less energy for the family, the authors say.
And second, people who shoulder a lot of responsibility for others on the job are also likely to face a harder juggle.

Conversely, those responsible only for themselves had an easier time. While I was surprised to see that taxi drivers in the study ranked low in work-family conflict, researchers cited the fact that they operate autonomously.

The findings make sense to me. As a bureau chief for this newspaper in the past, when I felt responsible for the careers of the 15 employees I oversaw, I felt heavy work-family strain. But now, as a columnist making my own independent contributions, I find work-family conflict far more manageable.

Does your job description make your juggle harder? Do you dream of easing work-family conflict by changing careers? Or have you managed to do so?

如果你很想讓自己的日子過(guò)的輕松點(diǎn)，有沒(méi)有想過(guò)換個(gè)工作，去當(dāng)銀行出納、保險(xiǎn)審核員或是園林設(shè)計(jì)師？

在一項(xiàng)有關(guān)降低工作和家庭沖突的突破性研究中，上述職業(yè)名位其中。員工認(rèn)為職業(yè)與家庭生活沖突最小的一些職業(yè)有：審計(jì)員、建筑師、工程師、音樂(lè)指揮和作曲家，還有藝術(shù)家。

德保羅大學(xué)(DePaul University)Kellstadt Graduate School of Business商學(xué)院管理學(xué)助理教授迪多夫(Erich Dierdorff)說(shuō)，工作與生活沖突最激烈的職業(yè)有：銷售和營(yíng)銷經(jīng)理、警探、消防員、家庭醫(yī)生、律師、護(hù)士、卡車司機(jī)、學(xué)校心理輔導(dǎo)員和行政人員，還有“長(zhǎng)”字級(jí)的人物如首席執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)、首席財(cái)務(wù)長(zhǎng)等等－－最后一類肯定是人們意料之中的。

以上分類是根據(jù)今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)表于《應(yīng)用心理學(xué)》(Journal of Applied Psychology)的一篇研究論文，研究分析了來(lái)自126種不同職業(yè)的1,367位研究對(duì)象，研究他們工作與家庭生活沖突的不同趨勢(shì)。迪多夫和合著者、來(lái)自伊利諾伊理工學(xué)院(Illinois Institute of Technology)的埃靈頓(J. Kemp Ellington)對(duì)研究結(jié)果實(shí)施了控制，綜合考慮了人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、工作靈活性、時(shí)間壓力、工作量以及從同事和上級(jí)那里獲得的支持等因素。

這使得研究者能夠明確工作本身給人帶來(lái)壓力的程度如何。研究者們發(fā)現(xiàn)，從工作與家庭的沖突來(lái)衡量，最煩的工作要求有兩方面。首先，員工必須依賴他人來(lái)完成自己工作的程度會(huì)加劇工作與家庭的沖突。上述兩位作者說(shuō)，需要與他人合作的員工一天下來(lái)通常容易更累，也就沒(méi)什么精力照顧家庭。第二，在工作中為其他人承擔(dān)大量責(zé)任的人也可能面臨更大的麻煩。

反過(guò)來(lái)，只對(duì)自己負(fù)責(zé)的職員過(guò)得更輕松。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)出租車司機(jī)的工作和生活沖突較少，我對(duì)此大感意外，但研究人員卻指出他們的工作是自己控制的。

這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很有意義。以前當(dāng)記者站站長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，我得為自己手下的15名員工的工作負(fù)責(zé)，那時(shí)我覺(jué)得工作和家庭生活存在很大沖突。但現(xiàn)在，作為一名獨(dú)立撰稿的專欄作家，我覺(jué)得工作與家庭的沖突比以前容易處理得多。

你的工作性質(zhì)有沒(méi)有讓你的日子不好過(guò)？你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)換個(gè)職業(yè)來(lái)減輕工作與家庭間的沖突？還是你已經(jīng)這樣做了？